Spring break

Today I missed class because I took a 7 hour car ride down to North Carolina for spring break! It was fun and I will be getting all the notes that were taken in class from a friend!

Invasion of India and military life

Alexander went to India in 327 B.C. And he invaded Punjab in 326. His army met Indians at Porus, and one of his battles against the Indians his horse that he rode into every battle died. Indians fought with elephants. He named the city he conquered after his horse who died in battle. Once the Maceidonias realized the Indians had a good army and fought with elephants they revolted and coenus talked Alexander into going home and not attacking. At battle of Malli Alexander got injured in the shoulder. After Alexander died his empire remained under his rule for 200-300 years later. Hellenistic era was to spread language culture and population with Persians . I will not be in school tomorrow so I will not be able to blog, but I am out because I will leaving for spring break early and won't have my laptop !

King Phillip 2

• Born at pelia of Macedon
• youngest son of King Amyntas 2
• held hostage @ Thesbe- learned military skills & deplomatic info
• King of Macedon 359 BC- 336 BC
• assinated @ a wedding

Olympias

• originally a princess
• arranged marriage with King Phillip 2
• gave birth to Alexander
• divorced Phillip
• ordered Eurydice to kill Phillip 3 (king Phillip 2 son) to ensure Alexander got the throne
• claimed Zeus was Alexander's father

Alexander's Birth

• born in Pella region of Macedonia on September 20, 350 BC
• didn't see his father much as a child because King Phillip was with the military and affairs
• resented his father bc he was gone so much
• Olympia was a powerful role model

Bucephalus

• 344 BC- dealer from Tessalia offered a large, black horse to King Phillip
• Horse seemed unable to be tamed- King Phillip didn't want it
• Alexander wanted the horse and tried to tame it- he realised the horse was afraid of its shadow and tamed it
• King Phillip said about his ability "O my son, look thee out a kingdom equal and worthy of thyself, for Macedonia is too little for thee"

Education

• tutored by Leonidas- taught Math, Horsemanship, & Archery
• Alex was a rebellious student with relentless attention
• tutored by Lysimachus- used role play to teach
• 343 BC- tutored by Aristotle @ Temple of the Nymphs at Meiza (13 years old)- taught Philosophy, Drama, Science, Poetry, and Politics
• education ended at Meiza in 340 BC

Phillip's Assination

• Oct 336 BC in Aegea
• killed by his body guard- Pausanias of Oretis
• Reason unknown- possibilities include: Persians payed him off or Pausanias had relations with him then Phillip cheated on Pausania
• Alex had Pausania's body crucified

Family Relationship

• tension
• Alexander's step mom (Cleopatra)'s uncle told Alex he wasn't worthy of the throne

Alexander takes Power

• people doubted him because he was young
• people who doubted him were killed

Military Career 

• fought vs Persians bc he thought they might have been involved in his father's assassination
• 334 BC: fought NW Asia Minor (Battle of the Granicus River)
• 334 BC- siege of Halicarnassus 
• conquered Egypt @ Gaza
• Egyptains called Alexander a Pharaoh

Invasion of Egypt

• 327 BC- Punjab
• Indians fought with elephants
• Bucephalus died- named a city after him
• won & captured Porus

Revolt of Alex's Army

• revolted bc India had elephants & soldiers wanted to see their family
• Alex allowed them to return
• took Hydaspes & Indus river's home- fought Malion on their way 
• many died on the journey home bc of the Gerdosian desert

Death

• June 10/11 323 BC- 32 years old @ palace of Nebuchadnezzar 2 in Babylon
• reasons a mystery, possibilities: poison (by Aristotle or his son, Iollas), malaria, alcohol poisoning  
• people refused to believe he died

His Power/Rule

• empire was the largest of its time
• remained under Macondian rule for 200-300 years after Alex's death
• Alex encouraged people (Macedonian men) to marry Persian woman to maintain peace 
• tried to combine Greek and Persian cultures
• the passing of the ring symbolized the passing of power

Alexander the Great notes

King Phillip was born in Pella of Macedona, and he was king from 359 B.C. until assassinated in 336 B.C. Olympias was a princess married to King Phillip and her original name was Myrtale. She had Alexander but king Phillip married another women and had a son with her, and Olympias had a lot of power so she had that women and her son killed to insure that Alexander would be the next king. She also claimed her son was the son of Zeus. Alexander the great was also born in the Pella region of Maceidona on Sep 20th 350 B.C. he resented his father because he barely saw him and had a very good relationship with his mother. Bucephalus was a horse that seemed untamable, so Alexander took it in, realized it just afraid of its own shadow so he was able to tame it, he rode that horse into all of his battles until it was killed in battle. That was "his" horse he always had. He was tutored by Leonidas and was taught math, horsemanship  and archery. Also tutored by Lysimachus. at 343 B.C. he was tutored by Aristotle and over three years he taught him philosophic  drama, science, poetry, and politics. King Phillip was assianated in Aegea by Pausanians. Alexander had him crucified for revenge. Alexander had a lot of tension in his family, his father married Cleopatra. When his father died he came into power and a lot of people doubted him. he had all of his doubters killed. He restored all the places his father conquered and then moved on to his own conquest. He battled the Persians for his father. Granicus River in 335 B.C. and then he crossed the Hellespont into Asia in 334 B.C. Alexander won many battles fighting on the river. Siege of Halicarnassus was fought in 334 B.C. He conquered Egypt at Gaza.

Tutored by Aristotle, his father was King Phillip II. His horse was Bucephalus. it means oxes head. battle of helenicarcus. A battle in the Persian war,  lead by Darius III, the battle where Darius ran was Galcolmael.
the battle where Alexander almost died and his horse died in India was .
His death was at 32. They think he was poisoned by wine. Also might have been malaria.
His ruling style was to encourage Macedonia men to marry Persian women. He tried to combine the cultures called Hellenistic era.

Powerpoint Asssigment

Today we got assigned one last project before the third quarter ends. Tona and I are partners and we started and finished it for homework. We would be ready to present tomorrow if we could but we do not have class. We had to work about the death of Alexander the Great. I think we had some pretty important information I need to copy and paste over to my blog to study in case of future test. I liked this last project and I am excited to present in class.

Tuesday

Today we read some chapter in our books, and then we had class discussion about Alexander the Great and the Macedonian king. he was very young when he died about the same age as my older brother and that is weird to think. I'm excited to learn more about the Greeks and their empire under Alexander the Great.

Chapter 5

Hellenistic is an era in which theirs was the leading international culture but their way of life was also influenced by the peoples they ruled. Period of greek history between Alexander the Great and the Maceodonian king.
This is Macedonia

The Athenians lost the Peloponnesian War because firstly overall Spartians had a better Army then the Athens. They would train their young boys from a very very young age to fight when they are older. They made them believe that they were to do nothing with their lives but defend their city and fight. The Athenians just were not as strong as the Spartans. The geography was a disadvantage and the war was fought over water on most of it, and the Athenians did have a better navy but overall their strategics sand warriors were not as advanced or "ready" as the Spartans warriors are. The spartan army completely defeated the Athenian army and the Athenians used their navy to guard but it was pointless by then. The Athenians just did not have the same kind of fighting skills as the Spartans and they were not as tough, thus they lost the war and had to go under control of an oligarchy because of Sparta. But since Sparta lost so many men as well the Athenian people eventually went back to a democracy because the Spartans couldn't stop them, so they finally got back their independence. They had poor leadership. They were took cocky since they beat the Persians twice so they had an act of Hubris. Natural disaster and they didn't gather as many allies. They should not have gone for Sparta anyway. With help from Persia, Sparta got a huge navy.

In 359 B.C. Maceodina came under the rule of King Philip II, a ruler of broad vision who was determined to gain control of the city-states and to lead the Greeks and Macedonians in the united force against the weakening empire of Persia. He strengthed his army by adopting Greek phalanx tactics, improving weapons of his hoplites, and building up a stronger cavalry force than any city state possessed. He used his newly won power wisely, letting the Greek city states govern themselves so long as they installed oligarches and acted as loyal allies. Phillip now at the head of a powerful alliance , vowed to avenge the insults and injuries inflicted on Greek temples and sancturies by the invading Persians more than a century before. But as he stood in the very blink of fulfillment he was assassinated in 336 B.C. His son Alexandra III only twenty years old, succeeded him, and proceeded to carry out his fathers grand design. (pg 82) (West Civ Book)

Friday

On friday we just went over all the tests and part of the study guide. We will be having a test on Monday and it is open blog and Im excited to see how I do because I think I have been getting pretty good notes down for my blog from the class video!